Preparation of earthwork and auxiliary work

Earthwork construction should do the preparatory work:

(1) site clearance. Including clearing the ground and underground obstacles. Should the demolition of the old and the tomb before construction, demolition or alteration of communications, power equipment, underground pipelines and buildings, migration trees, soil removal and mud.

(2) out of water. The site in low-lying areas, water must be removed, should also pay attention to rain out, make the site to keep dry, in order to facilitate the earthwork construction. The general use of surface water out of drains, ditches, water retaining dam and other measures.

(3) building temporary roads, water supply, power supply, etc..

(4) approach to the work of materials, machinery, and earthwork machinery.

(5) to do a good job of earthwork measurement and discharge.

(6) in accordance with the design of earthwork design to do a good job in the auxiliary work, such as slope stability, foundation pit (groove) support, reduce groundwater, etc..

The ratio of the slope to the height (H) and the bottom width (B) of the earth slope and its stabilized soil slope. The slope can be made into a straight line, polyline or step shape. The slope should be determined according to the soil, excavation depth, excavation method, construction period, underground water level, the top load and weather conditions and other factors.

When the groundwater level is lower than the substrate, in normal soil humidity in foundation pit or trench, such as the open time is not long, within certain limits can be dug into the straight wall without support.

In addition to the construction of the right to determine the slope, but also to carry out slope protection, in order to prevent slope sliding. Slope sliding generally refers to the earthwork slope in a certain range along a sliding face down and outward movement and the loss of its stability. Slope instability is often affected by the external adverse factors in the impact and increased. These adverse factors lead to the increase of the soil or the decrease of the shear strength of the soil.

Therefore, in earthwork construction, to estimate the situation may arise, take necessary measures for slope protection and anti collapse, and pay special attention to the timely elimination of rainwater, surface water, concentrated load and vibration preventing slope. When necessary, the steel wire mesh fine stone concrete (or mortar) is used to reinforce the slope protection. If it is a permanent earth slope, it should do a good job of permanent reinforcement measures.